Molecular epidemiology of antiretroviral resistance in therapy-experienced HIV-1 patients in Cuba (2009)

Results The most frequently found subtypes and recombinants were: B (40.4%), D (32.1%, presumably CRF19_cpx), C (9.5%) and CRF18_cpx (8.3%). The PI mutations, I54VML, M46IL and L90MVL were found in 61.7, 57.4 and 53.1% of cases, respectively. Whereas for RTI, primary mutations at positions M184V, T215Y, D67N, Y181C and K103N were present in 98.6, 67.1, 43.8, 47.5 and 40.9% of subjects, respectively. A high level resistance to antiretroviral drug was observed (NRTI=86.9%, NNRTI=72.6% and PI=55.9%). Full class resistance (NRTI/NRTI/PI) was found in 22 patients (26.1%), who presented history of several changes of treatment (media of 1.35 treatment changes per year, from 4 to 13 year under treatment).